Resources
- General Resources
- Ethical and Safety Recommendations
- Intimate Partner Violence
- Violence Against Girls
- Monitoring and Evaluation & VAWG
- Health Sector
- Disaster Risk Management
- Citizen Security, Law, and Justice
- Education Sector
- Finance and Enterprise Development
General Resources
Arango, D., Morton, M. Gennari, F., Kiplesund, S, and Ellsberg, M. (2014). Interventions to Prevent and Reduce Violence Against Women and Girls: A Systematic Review of Reviews. Women's Voice, Agency, and Participation Research Series. Washington, DC: 香港六合彩资料.
Bandiera, O., Buehren, N., Burgess, R., Goldstein, M., Gulesci, S., Rasul, I., and Sulaiman, M. (2014). . Washington, DC: 香港六合彩资料.
Bott, S., Guedes, A., Goodwin, M., and Mendoza, J. A. (2012). Violence Against Women in Latin America and the Caribbean: A comparative analysis of population-based data from 12 countries. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization.
Coles, J., Astbury, J., Dartnall, E., Loots, L., and Limjerwala, S. (13 October2011). Taking Care of Ourselves. Sexual Violence Research Initiative. Retrieved from
Commission on the Status of Women: Fifty-eight session. (10-21 March 2014). Challenges and achievements in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals for women and girls: Agreed conclusions.
Coomaraswamy R. (1999). Integration of Human Rights of Women and the Gender Perspective: Violence Against Women, Report of the Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, Its Causes and Consequences, Ms. Radhika Coomaraswamy: Addendum: Communications to and from Governments: United Nations.
. (2005).
Ellsberg, M., Arango, D., Morton, M., Gennari, F., MPH, Kiplesund, S., Contreras, M., and Watts,C. (20 November 2014). . The Lancet, 385 (9977), 1555–1566.
Fabiano, P.M., Perkins, H.W., Berkowitz, A.D., Linkenbach, J., and Stark, C. (2003). Engaging men as social justice allies in ending violence against women: Evidence for a social norms approach. Journal of American College Health, 5(3), 105-112.
Klugman, J., Hanmer, L., Twigg, S., Hasan, T., McCleary-Sills, J., and Santa Maria, J. (2014). Voice and Agency: Empowering Women and Girls for Shared Prosperity. Washington, DC: 香港六合彩资料.
Morrison et al. (2007). Addressing Gender-Based Violence in the Latin American and Caribbean Region: A Critical Review of Interventions. 香港六合彩资料 Res Obs, 22(1), 25-51.
New York: Women's Refugee Commission. WHO. (2005). .
Palermo T, Bleck J, Peterman A. (1 March 2014). Tip of the iceberg: reporting and gender-based violence in developing countries. Am J Epidemiol, 179(5), 602-12.
Taft AJ, Watson LF. (2008). Depression and termination of pregnancy (induced abortion) in a national cohort of young Australian women: the confounding effect of women's experience of violence. BMC Public Health, 8, 75.
is the body of independent experts that monitors implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. The website provides information on countries that have ratified, latest reports by country, and other useful documents.
is research-advocacy project that aims to add content to the international legal principle of 'due diligence' in the context of State responsibility to end VAWG. The objective is to create and accountability framework based on the due diligence principle, namely the Due Diligence Framework together with guiding principles that are concrete and measurable across regions. Heise, Lori; Ellsberg, Mary; Gottemoeller, Megan. (1999). Ending Violence Against Women. Population Reports, Series L. No. 11.
was organized in 1985 at the Third World Conference on Women in Nairobi, Kenya, to promote recognition of women's human rights under the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), an international human rights treaty.
, a project of The Advocates for Human Rights, is a forum for information, advocacy and change in the promotion of women's human rights around the world.
UNFPA. (2007). Ending Widespread Violence Against Women.
UNFPA, UNIFEM, OSAGI. (2005). Combating Gender-Based Violence: A Key to Achieving the MDGS.
United Nations General Assembly. (6 July 2006). In-depth study on all forms of violence against women: Report of the Secretary-General. 61st session.
UN Women. (2012). Handbook for National Action Plans on Violence Against Women. New York: UN Women.
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). (2009). A Guide to Programming Gender-based Violence Prevention and Response Activities. Gender-Based Violence Working Group.
WHO (World Health Organization). (2013). Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence. Geneva.
Women's Refugee Commission. (2011). .
Ethical and Safety Recommendations
Ellsberg M, and Heise L. (2005). . Washington DC, United States: World Health Organization, PATH.
Inter-Agency Standing Committee. 2015. .
Jewkes R, Watts C, Abrahams R, Penn-Kekana L, and García-Moreno C (2000). “Ethical and methodological issues in conducting research on gender-based violence in Southern Africa,” Reproductive Health Matters, vol. 8, no. 15, pp. 93–103.
Jewkes R, Dartnall E and Sikweyiya Y. (2012). . Sexual Violence Research Initiative, Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
World Health Organization (2001). .
World Health Organization (2003). .
World Health Organization (2005). . WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women: initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women’s responses.
World Health Organization (2007). .
World Health Organization (2016). - Building on lessons from the WHO publication: Putting women first: ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women.
Intimate Partner Violence
Bair-Merrit, M. H., Jennings, J. M., Chen, R., Burrell, L., McFarlane, E., Fuddy, L., and Duggan, A. K. (2010). "Reducing Maternal Intimate Partner Violence After the Birth of a Child: A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Hawai Healthy Start Home Visitation Program". Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 164(1), 16-23.
Beydoun H. A., et al. (2012). Intimate partner violence against adult women and its association with major depressive disorder, depressive symptoms and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 75(6), 959-975.
Bonomi A. E., Anderson M. L., Rivara F. P., and Thompson, R. S. (2009). "Health care utilization and costs associated with physical and nonphysical-only intimate partner violence." HSR: Health Services Research, 44(3), 1054-1067.
Campbell JC.(2008). Health consequences of intimate partner violence. The Lancet, 359 (9314), 1331- 1336.
Capaldi, D.M., Knoble, N. B., Shortt, J. W., and Kim, H. K.. (2012). "A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence." Partner Abuse, 3(2), 231-280.
Coker A, Ferguson J, Bush H, Jordan C, Crofford L. (2008). Intimate Partner Violence and Gynecologic Health: Focus on Women in Kentucky.
Duvvury, N., Nguyen, M., and Carney, P. (2012). Estimating the cost of domestic violence against women in Vietnam. Hanoi, Vietnam. UN Women.
Heise, Lori L. (2011). What works to prevent partner violence: An evidence overview. London, UK: STRIVE Research Consortium.
Heise, L., and Garcia Moreno, C. (2002). "Violence by Intimate Partners." in Krug, E., Dahlberg, LL., Mercy, JA., et al., eds. World Report on Violence and Health. World Health Organization, Geneva: 87-121. Retrieved from .
Kishor, S. and Johnson, K. (2004). Profiling Domestic Violence: A Multi-Country Study. Columbia, MD: ORC Macro.
Maman, S., Mbwambo, J. K., Hogan. N. M. (2003). HIV-positive women report more lifetime partnerviolence: findings from a voluntary counseling and testing clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. AJPH, 92, 1331-1337; Campbell, J. C., Woods, A. B., Chouaf, K. L., Parker, B. (August 2000). Reproductive health consequences of intimate partner violence. A nursing research review. Clin Nurs Res, 9(3), 217-237; Kaye, D. K., Mirembe, F. M., Bantebya, G., Johansson, A., and Ekstrom A. M. (2006). Domestic violence as risk factor for unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Trop Med Int Health, 11(1), 90-101.
Morrison, A. and Orlando, M. B.. (1999). El impacto socioeconómico de la violencia doméstica: Chile y Nicaragua. En: Andrew R. Morrison y María Loreto Biehl (Ed.). El costo del silencio. Violencia doméstica en las Américas. Washington: Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Ribero, R., and Sánchez, F. (2004). Determinantes, efectos y costos de la violencia intrafamiliar en Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia: Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo Económico (CEDE) de la Universidad de los Andes.
Violence Against Girls
Action Aid. (2013). Stop Violence Against Girls in School: A cross-country analysis of change in Ghana, Kenya and Mozambique. Retrieved from:
Children in a Changing Climate, Children's Charter: An action plan for disaster risk reduction for children by children. (2011). Retrieved from
IRC and UNICEF. (2012). .
Pinheiro, P. S. (2006). World report on violence against children. Geneva, Switzerland: ATAR Roto Presse SA. Retrieved from
Together for Girls. (Swaziland 2007, Tanzania 2011, Kenya 2012, Zimbabwe 2013, Malawi 2013, Haiti 2014, Cambodia 2014). Violence Against Children Surveys. Retrieved from Together for Girls website:
UNHCR. (2008). UNHCR Guidelines on Determining the Best Interests of the Child. Retrieved from
Women and Law in Southern Africa-Zambia, Avon Global Center for Women and Justice at Cornell Law School and Cornell Law School International Human Rights Clinic. (2012). "They are Destroying Our Futures": Sexual Violence Against Girls in Zambia's Schools. Retrieved from:
Monitoring And Evaluation
Bloom, S. (2008). . Measure Evaluation.
aims to provide program managers with one simple system to manage their data on reported GBV cases, including the safe and ethical sharing of reported incident data. Effective utilization of the GBVIMS can also assist service providers to understand better the reported GBV cases they receive to: adjust their programming to more effectively respond to the needs of survivors; aggregate data to analyze wider trends and threats; and enable safe sharing for improved inter-agency coordination and joint action to address emerging issues.
Health
Guidance/Tools
Bell, E., Butcher, K. (2015). . London: VAWG Helpdesk
Bell, E., Butcher, K. (2015). . London: VAWG Helpdesk
Bott, S., Guedes, A., Claramunt, M., Guezmes, A. (2010). . An excellent manual for integrating VAWG prevention and response into the health sector. Very detailed with practical information, including checklists and sample questionnaires.
Evanson, T. A. (2006). Addressing domestic violence through maternal-child health home visiting: what we do and do not know. Journal of Community Health Nursing 23(2), 95-111.
Guedes, A. (2004). Addressing GBV from the Reproductive Health/HIV Sector: A Literature Review and Analysis. Washington, DC: The Population Technical Assistance Project. Retrieved from .
IGWG of USAID. (2006). Addressing Gender-based Violence through USAID's Health Programs: A Guide for Health Sector Program Officers. Washington, D.C.
IRC. (2008). Clinical Care for Sexual Assault Survivors: A Multi-Media Training Tool.
Kataoka, Y., Yaju, Y., Eto, H., Matsumoto, N., and Horiuchi, S. (2004). Screening of domestic violence against women in the perinatal setting: a systematic review. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 1(2), 77-86.
Khan, A. (2011). Gender-Based Violence and HIV: A Program Guide for Integrating Gender-Based Violence Prevention and Response in PEPFAR Programs. Arlington, VA: USAID's AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources, AIDSTAR-One, Task Order 1.
Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Resources IASC. (2007). IASC Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings.
Nelson, H. D., Bougatsos, C., and Blazina, I. (2012). Screening women for intimate partner violence: a systematic review to update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 156(11), 796-808.
O'Reilly, R., Beale, B., and Gillies, D. (2010). Screening and Intervention for Domestic Violence During Pregnancy Care: A Systematic Review. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 11(4), 190-201.
Ramsay, J., Richardson, J., Carter, Y. H., Davidson, L. L., and Feder, G. (2002). Should health professionals screen women for domestic violence? British Medical Journal, 325(7359), 314-318.
Ramsay, J., Rivas, C., and Feder, G. (2005). Interventions to reduce violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well-being of women who experience partner abuse: A systematic review. Barts and the London, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry.
Sharps, P. W., Campbell, J., Baty, M. L., Walker, K. S., and Bair-Merrit, M.H. (2008). Current evidence on perinatal home visiting and intimate partner violence. JOGNN - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 37(4), 480-491.
Smedslund, G., Dalsb, T. K., Winsvold, A., Clench-Aas, J., (2007). Cognitive behavioral therapy for men who physically abuse their female partner. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3.
Taft, A., O'Doherty, L., Hegarty, K., Ramsay, J., Davidson, L., and Feder, G. (2013). Screening Women for Intimate Partner Violence in Healthcare Settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 4.
UNFPA. (2010). Addressing Violence against Women and Girls in Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: A Review of Knowledge Assets.
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). (2006). Addressing Gender-based Violence through USAID's Health Programs: A Guide for Health Sector Program Officers.
Velzeboer, M., Ellsberg, M., Arcas, C. C., and García-Moreno, C. (2003).Violence against women: the health sector responds. Pan American Health Organization, Pan American Sanitary Bureau.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2003) Guidelines for medico-legal care for victims of sexual violence. Retrieved from .
World Health Organization (WHO). (2004). Clinical management of rape survivors: developing protocols for use with refugees and internally displaced persons.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2005). Integrating Poverty and Gender into Health Programmes: A Sourcebook for Health Professionals: Module on Gender-Based Violence
World Health Organization (WHO). (2013). Responding to intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women: Clinical and policy guidelines for DV and sexual violence.
WHO, UNFPA, and UNICEF. (2011, November). Responding to the psychosocial and mental health needs of sexual violence survivors in conflict-affected settings: A Summary Report. Research Barker, G., Ricardo, C., and Nascimento, M. (2007). Engaging men and boys in changing gender-based inequity in health: Evidence from programme interventions. Geneva: WHO.
Disaster Risk Management
: Health care workers often lack the skills and experience to provide optimal care to survivors of sexual assault. The IRC partnered with UCLA's Center for International Medicine to create a multimedia training tool designed for use in resource-limited and conflict-affected health settings. Since 2008 the Clinical Care for Sexual Assault Survivors training DVD has been used to train health care workers across Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean. The goal of this tool is to improve the clinical care of sexual assault survivors in low resource settings by demonstrating compassionate, competent, and confidential care in keeping with international standards. It is intended for use in the training of all staff in health clinics (clinicians and non-clinicians) that interact with sexual assault survivors.
: The IRC Women's Protection & Empowerment (WPE) Unit developed the GBV Emergency ToolKit based on years of experience responding to GBV in emergencies. The ToolKit, designed to strengthen our global response and preparedness, includes ready-to-use tools and templates, as well as guidelines and examples of best practice.
Global Protection Cluster (July 2010). . The Coordination Handbook is a quick reference tool that provides practical guidance on leadership roles, key responsibilities and specific actions to be taken when establishing and maintaining a GBV coordination mechanism in a humanitarian setting (conflict, post-conflict and natural disaster).
Inter-Agency Standing Committee. 2015. . The primary purpose of these guidelines is to enable communities, governments, and humanitarian organizations to establish and coordinate a set of minimum multi-sectoral interventions to prevent and respond to sexual violence during the early phase of an emergency. The Guidelines specifically detail minimum interventions for prevention and response to sexual violence to be undertaken in the early stages of an emergency. Twenty-five action sheets have been developed in 10 functional/sectorial areas.
Pincha, C. (2008). Gender-Sensitive Disaster Management: A Toolkit For Practitioners. Mumbai: Earthworm Books for Oxfam America and Nanban Trust. Retrieved from
RHRC (2004). . This manual is a result of the three-year global Gender-based Violence Initiative that aimed at improving international and local capacity to address GBV in refugee, internally displaced, and post-conflict settings. The manual provides tools for assessment, program design, and program monitoring and evaluation according to a multi-sectoral model of GBV programming. It is intended to be used by humanitarian professionals committed to GBV prevention and response.
is catalyzing change in how reproductive health (RH) is addressed by all sectors involved in emergency response, from field services to advocacy and from local aid providers to global relief movements. Developed by Columbia University's Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health in the Mailman School of Public Health and Marie Stopes International (MSI), the RAISE Initiative aims to address the full range of RH needs for refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) by building partnerships with humanitarian and development agencies, governments, United Nations (UN) bodies, advocacy agencies, and academic institutions. This page provides useful tools, fact sheets, and links to training for providers of clinical and social services in emergencies.
UNFPA. (2011). . This course was developed by the UNFPA and World Education, Inc. in consultation with a wide range of GBV experts and humanitarian and development actors worldwide. The goal of this course is to improve the knowledge of program managers to better address the issue of gender-based violence in humanitarian emergencies.
香港六合彩资料. (2015). Violence against women and girls resource guide : disaster risk management brief.
Research
Arango, D. and Guedes, A. (2012). Addressing Gender Based Violence (GBV) in Natural Disasters and all Emergency Settings is Critical. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) unpublished guidance note.
Canadian Red Cross and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) (2012). Predictable, Preventable: Best Practices for Addressing Interpersonal and Self-Directed Violence During and After Disasters. Retrieved from
DFID. (2013). Violence against Women and Girls in Humanitarian Emergencies. CHASE Briefing Paper. Retrieved from DFID website:
Integrated Regional Information Networks. (2005) Disaster Reduction and the human cost of disaster. IRIN Web Special. Retrieved from .
Laframboise, N. and B. Loko. (2012). Natural Disasters: Mitigating Impact, Managing Risk. (WP/12/245). Retrieved from International Monetary Fund website: .
Spangaro, J., A. Zwi, C. Adogu, G. Ranmuthugala, G. P. Davies, and L. Steinacker (2013). What Is the Evidence of the Impact of Initiatives to Reduce Risk and Incidence of Sexual Violence in Conflict and Post-Conflict Zones and Other Humanitarian Crises in Lower- and Middle- Income Countries? A Systematic Review. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.
The Global Women’s Institute and International Rescue Committee. (2016). . Washington, D.C.
The Sphere Project: Humanitarian charter and minimum standards in humanitarian response.(n.d.). Retrieved from
UNFPA, (2012). Gender Based Violence and Natural Disasters in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Ward, Jeanne (2002). If Not Now, When: Addressing Gender-based Violence in Refugee, Internally Displaced, and Post-Conflict Settings: A Global Overview. The Reproductive Health for Refugees Consortium. Retrieved from .
: The What Works to Prevent Violence Against Women and Girls Programme is a flagship programme from the UK Department for International Development (DFID), which is investing to the prevention of violence against women and girls. Is focused broadly on what works to prevent violence against women and girls. It will conduct research, evaluations of existing interventions, and support innovation in programming through a dedicated grants scheme.
WHO, UN Action, MRC South Africa, and SVRI. (2012). A research agenda for sexual violence in humanitarian, conflict and post-conflict settings (Executive Summary). Pretoria: Sexual Violence Research Initiative, Gender and Health Research Unit, Medical Research Council.
WHO, UNFPA, and UNHCR. (1999). Reproductive Health in Refugee Situations: an Inter-agency Field Manual. Retrieved from
WHO. (2007). WHO ethical and safety recommendations for researching, documenting and monitoring sexual violence in emergencies. Geneva: WHO Press.
WHO. (2008). Preventing violence and reducing its impact: How development agencies can help. France. Retrieved from Wood, E. J. (2006). Variation in Sexual Violence in War. Politics & Society, 34(3), 307–342.
Citizen Security, Law, And Justice
Guidance/Tools
Callan, M. and Saneto, I. (2012). Strongim Gavman Program: INI767: Independent Progress Report: Mid-Term Review of Strongim Gavman Program. Dinnen, S. and Haley, N. (2012). Evaluation of the Community Project Officer Program in Solomon Islands. (Justice for the Poor Research Report). 香港六合彩资料.
CEDAW. (2012). Do our Laws Promote Gender Equality? A Handbook for CEDAW-based Legal Reviews.
Chiongson, R.A et al. (2011). Role of Law and Justice in Achieving Gender Equality. World Development Report 2012 Gender Equality and Development: Background Paper.
DESA/DAW. (2010). . Provides stakeholders with detailed guidance to support the adoption and effective implementation of legislation, which prevents violence against women, punishes perpetrators, and ensures the rights of survivors everywhere.
Duban, E. (2014). . Washington, DC: USAID.
Feder, L., Wilson, D. B., and Austin, S. (2008). Court-mandated interventions for individuals convicted of domestic violence. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 12, 1-49.
Moser, C. O. N. and McIlwaine, C. (2006). Latin American Urban Violence as a Development Concern: Towards a Framework for Violence Reduction. World Development, 34(1), 89-112.
Mukasa, S., McCleary-Sills, J., Heilman, B., Namy, S., Brady, L., and Stich, S. (2014). Review of Australian Aid Programs in the Pacific Aimed at Ending Violence against Women. Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women.
Rainero, L., Rodigou, M. and Perez, S. (2006). .
Reuland, M, Morabito, M.S., Preston, C., and Cheney, J. (2004). Police-Community Partnership to Address Domestic Violence.
Rodríguez, J.A. and León, J.S. (2007) Mujeres y pandillas. Maras y pandillas, comunidad y policía en Centroamérica: Hallazgos de un estudio integral. Costa Rica: Demoscopía S.A. Retrieved from: Solhjell, R., Karlsrud, J., and Sande Lie, J. (2010). Protecting civilians against sexual and gender-based violence in Eastern Chad. Norwegian Institute of International Affairs.
Srinivasan, A. (2011). Gender Violence as Insecurity: Research Trends in South Asia. (New Voices Series 9).
UNDP. (2005). .
UNODC. (2010).
UN Women. (2009). Domestic Violence Legislation and its Implementation: An Analysis for ASEAN countries based on international standards and good practices.
Worden, A. P. (2001). Models of Community Coordination in Partner Violence Cases: A Multi-Site Comparative Analysis, Final Report. US Department of Justice. Washington, DC.
香港六合彩资料. (2011). . Justice For the Poor Briefing Note 6(2).
香港六合彩资料. (2011). World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security and Development. Washington, DC: 香港六合彩资料. Retrieved from:
香港六合彩资料. (2012). World Development Report 2012: Gender Equality and Development. Washington, 香港六合彩资料 .
香港六合彩资料. (2014). Women, Business and the Law 2014: Removing Restrictions to Enhance Gender Equality. Research Bennett, L., Riger, S., Schewe, P., Howard, A., & Wasco, S. (2004). Effectiveness of hotline, advocacy, counseling, and shelter services for victims of domestic violence a statewide evaluation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19 (7), 815-829.
Education
Guidance/Tools
American College Health Association (ACHA) (May 2008). . A CDC supported toolkit that provides facts, ideas, strategies, and resources for the prevention of sexual violence, primarily within the university context.
CLP is a comprehensive and education outreach project. Its mission is to prepare students and teachers to interrupt violence in its less destructive stages.
Common Sense Media (2011). .
(USAID, 2009). Available in English, Spanish, French, Arabic, and Russian, this set of three manuals is designed for teachers, students, and volunteer community counselors. The Doorways program can be integrated into any comprehensive national or local plan to reduce VAWG. This program in the DRC focuses on reconciliation, non-violence and harmonious "coexistence" in schools.
Fancy, K. and McAslan Fraser, E. (2014). , London: VAWG Helpdesk.
Fancy, K. and McAslan Fraser, E. (2014). , London: VAWG Helpdesk.
Futures Without Violence (2012). .
Hinduja, S. & Patchin, J. W. (2009). .
Limber, S. P., Kowalski, R. M., & Agatston, P. W. (2008-2009). .
Messner, L., Morel-Seytoux, S., Spratt, K., Ladd, A. (2015). . Rockville, MD: USAID.
Milofsky, A. (2011). . United States Institute of Peace (USIP). This toolkit is designed to support the work of educators as peacebuilders, and focuses on peace-building as well as conflict avoidance/resolution.
Overcoming Obstacles - Life Skills Program (2010). . Community for Education Foundation, Inc.
Peaceful Schools International provides support to schools that have declared a commitment to creating and maintaining a culture of peace
Plante, E.G., Banyard, V.L., Moynihan, M.M., and Eckstein, R.P. (2007). Facilitator's Guide: Bringing in the bystander. A prevention workshop for establishing a community of responsibility. This guide focuses primarily on engaging bystanders, the surrounding community, and preventing violence at the post-secondary level. [Contact Victoria Banyard (Victoria.Banyard@unh.edu) or Mary Moynihan for a copy of the Facilitator's Guide]
. Promundo (2013). While not specifically geared towards the education sector, this toolkit provides hands on activities and exercises to help youth question norms that condone violence against women and girls and can be used in a classroom setting.
UNICEF (2009). . Chapter 5 is particularly relevant, as it analyzes threats to children's health, safety and security and discusses how to ensure schools provide a protective environment.
UN WOMEN and World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (2013). . This curriculum is a global non-formal education curriculum to engage young people in efforts to prevent and end violence against girls and women. The
co-educational curriculum is designed for various age groups ranging from 5 to 25 years and is available for download.
Research
Anderson, L.A., and Whiston, S.C. (2005). Sexual assault education programs: a meta-analytic examination of their effectiveness. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 29, 374–388.
Brecklin, L.R., and Forde, D.R. (2001). A Meta-Analysis of Rape Education Programs. Violence and Victims, 16(3).
Burgess-Proctor, A., Patchin, J. W., and Hinduja, S. (2010). Cyberbullying and online harassment: Reconceptualizing the victimization of adolescent girls. In V. Garcia and J. Clifford (Eds.), Female crime victims: Reality reconsidered. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Foshee, V.A., Bauman, K.E., Arriaga, X.B., Helms, R.W., Koch, G.G., and Linder, G.F. (1998) An evaluation of Safe Dates, an adolescent dating violence prevention program. American Journal of Public Health, 88(1), 45-50.
Leach, F., Fiscian, V., Kadzamira, E., Lemani, E., and Machakanja, P. (2003).An investigative study of the abuse of girls in African schools (No. 12849). Department for International Development (DFID)(UK). Retrieved from:.
Wolfe, D.A., Crooks, C., Jaffe, P., Chiodo, D., Hughes, R., Elli,s W., Stitt, L., and Donner, A. (2009). A school-based programs to prevent adolescent dating violence: a cluster randomized trial. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 163(8), 692-9.
Finance And Enterprise Development
Guidance/Tools
Asian Development Bank (ADB) and International Labor Organization (ILO). (2013). . Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank.
Georgia, T. (2015). , London: VAWG Helpdesk.
Georgia, T. (2015) , London: VAWG Helpdesk.
Luttrell, C., and Moser, C. (2004). . United Kingdom: Overseas Development Institute (ODI).
Schulte, J., Williams, S., Rapic, D., Morris, P.T., Robbins, T. (2014). . Arlington, VA: USAID.
Women's Refugee Commission. (2011). . New York: Women's Refugee Commission.
香港六合彩资料. (2009). . Washington, DC: 香港六合彩资料.
Research
Aguero, J. (2013). Casual Estimates of the Intangible Costs of Violence against Women in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank.
Amin, S. and Suran, L. (2005). "Program efforts to delay marriage through improved opportunities: Some evidence from rural Bangladesh." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America, Philadelphia, 31 March–2 April.
Bhattacharyya, M., Bedi, A. S., and Chhachhi, A. (2011). "Marital violence and women's employment and property status: Evidence from North Indian vil ages." World Development, 39(9), 1676-1689.
Blattman, C., Green, E., Annan, J., and Jamison, J. (2013). Building Women's Economic and Social Empowerment Through Enterprise: An Experimental Assessment of the Women's Income Generating Support (WINGS) Program in Uganda. Innovations for Poverty Action Working Paper. Washington, DC: 香港六合彩资料. Chopra, D.(2014). Towards Gender Equality with Care-sensitive Social Protection. United Kingdom: Institute of Development Studies (IDS).
Council of Europe. (2012). Overview of Studies on the Costs of Violence against Women and Domestic Violence. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
Fawole, O.I. (2008). "Economic Violence To Women and Girls: Is It Receiving the Necessary Attention?" Trauma Violence Abuse 9, 167-177. Gibson-Davis, C. M., Magnuson, K., Gennetian, L. A., and Duncan, G. J. (2005). "Employment and the Risk of Domestic Abuse Among Low-Income Women." Journal of Marriage and Family 67, 1149-1168.
Gminder, Claudia Ulrike. (2003). Gender-oriented Entrepreneurship Promotion: Strategies and Tools Along the Project Cycle. Bern, Switzerland: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation.
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